Guwahati, nestled along the Brahmaputra River at an elevation of 182.1 feet (55.5 m) above sea level, derives its name from the words ‘Guwa’ (fermented areca nut) and ‘hati’ (locality), with some interpretations linking it to ‘haat’ (marketplace). Recognised as one of India’s oldest surviving cities, Guwahati dates back to ancient times, second only to Varanasi in Uttar Pradesh in historical significance. Guwahati City is governed by the Guwahati Municipal Corporation (GMC), covering a total area of 216.79 sq. km, divided into 60 wards. As per the 2011 Census, the city had a population of 957,352 and 229,718 households. For the SFD study, the estimated population is projected to be 1,384,197, based on the current municipal boundary and updated demographic trends. Overall, 91% of the faecal sludge is considered to be unsafely managed and discharged to the environment in the sanitation value chain, with only 9% estimated to be safely managed.

• Prepared by: RSTPL and UNICEF Assam
• Date of production: 27/10/2025
• Last update: 27/10/2025