SFD Lite Report - Bhaktapur Municipality, Nepal

Bhaktapur Municipality is located in Bhaktapur district of Province no.3 of Nepal. The total number of people is 81,748, living in 17,639 households. Majority of the population of Bhaktapur Municipality are dependent on public water supply and their own source such as well and tap water. Mostly, the population of Bhaktapur Municipality
are dependent on sewer system followed by fully lined tanks, user interface directly connected to open drain and lined tanks with impermeable walls and open bottom. Since there is no standard design guidelines for the construction of containments in Bhaktapur municipality, the desludging frequency is not uniform for even the same type of containment. Despite of the huge coverage of the sewer system in Bhaktapur Municipality, the municipality does not have any treatment facilities at present. The wastewater, supernatant and emptied faecal sludge get finally disposed in Hanumante River untreated. According to the SFD graphic, 97% of faecal sludge and wastewater generated have been estimated as unsafely managed while only 3% of faecal sludge is safely managed.

Keywords
SFD; Shit Flow Diagram; excreta disposal; sewers; sanitation; faecal sludge management; septic tank;