Birgunj Metropolitan City is located in the Parsa District, Madhesh Province of Nepal, near the southern border with India. Birgunj Metropolitan City was officially formed on 14 April 2017. It was created by merging several local administrative units, including Birgunj Municipality, Pokhariya Municipality, and Adarsh Kotwal Rural Municipality. The total area of Birgunj Metropolitan City is approximately 44.56 square kilometres (17.21 square miles). This area includes urban, suburban, and rural areas that were part of the merged local administrative units (Birgunj Metropolitan City, 2023). The total population of the metropolitan city is 272,382 living in 47,114 households, with male and female population percentage of 52.2% and 47.8%, respectively. With the population density of 2,062, the family size of the city is 5.7 (Statistics, 2021). .

Despite the metropolitan city was declared as an open defecation free zone, still 8% of the total population are deprived from access to basic sanitation facilities and defecate in open places.

Overall, the SFD graphic shows that 27% of the excreta generated are safely managed while 73% of the excreta generated are unsafely managed. The safely managed percentage of FS generated by 27% of the population is temporary until the tanks and pits become full and FS from the containment is emptied

• Prepared by: ENPHO
• Date of production: 02/11/2023
• Last update: 02/11/2023